Definitions

Data refer to the annualised growth rates of average real household income per household member of all resident employed households and resident employed households in the 1st - 40th percentiles.

Concepts

(i) Figure for a particular year refers to the annualised real change in average monthly household market income per household member among resident households and resident households in the 1st - 40th percentiles over a 5-year period ending in that year (for example, figure for 2020 refers to the annualised real change from 2015 to 2020).
(ii) Resident households refer to households where the household reference person is a Singapore Citizen or permanent resident.
(iii) Household market income refers to the income earned by households from the market economy before any Government transfers and taxes. It comprises income from employment (including one-twelfth of annual bonuses and employer CPF contributions) and non-employment sources including investments (such as interests from savings and/or CPF balances, dividends from investments), rental, contributions from other households (such as allowance from children to parents not staying in the same household, alimony), pensions, annuities, royalties and regular payouts from CPF and insurance (i.e. CPF ElderShield and CareShield Life).
(iv) Household market income per household member refers to the household market income divided by the total number of members in the household.
(v) Percentiles are derived based on ranking of resident households by their monthly household market income per household member.
(vi) The Consumer Price Index (CPI) for All items for the relevant household income group is used as a deflator to compute real income changes.

Computational Method

(1) All resident households:
[A] Derive "Average Household Market Income Per Household Member in 2024 dollars" for all Resident Households: ("Average Monthly Household Market Income Per Household Member" for all households in Year t) x (Consumer Price Index in 2024) / (Consumer Price Index in Year t)
[B] Derive "Annualised Real Change": (([A] in Year t / [A] in Year t-5) ^ (1/5) - 1) x 100
(2) Resident households in the 1st to 40th percentiles (i.e., 1st to 4th deciles):
[A] Derive "Average Household Market Income Per Household Member in 2024 dollars" for Resident Households in xx Decile: ("Average Monthly Household Market Income Per Household Member" for xx Decile in Year t) x (Consumer Price Index for Corresponding Household Income Group in 2024) / (Consumer Price Index for Corresponding Household Income Group in Year t)
[B] Derive "Average Household Market Income Per Household Member in 2024 dollars for Resident Households in the 1st to 40th Percentiles" for each Year t: (Sum [A] for 1st to 40th Percentile Groups (i.e. 1st to 4th deciles) / 4) [C] Derive "Annualised Real Change": (([B] in Year t) / ([B] in Year t-5) ^ (1/5) - 1) x 100%

Disaggregation

Disaggregation is available by deciles among resident households.

Data Source

Singapore Department of Statistics (DOS)

Data Collection

Household-based survey, augmented with administrative data.

Time Period

2020 onwards

Frequency

Annual

SDG Global Metadata

Link to United Nations SDG global metadata

Indicator 10.1.1