Definitions

Data refer to the number of deaths from unsafe water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene (exposure to unsafe WASH services) per 100,000 population.
Refer to SDG global metadata for more information.

Concepts

Data are defined according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes: Diarrhoea (A00, A01, A03, A04, A06-A09), Acute respiratory infections (H65-H66, J00-J22, P23, U04), Intestinal nematode infections (B76-B77, B79) and Protein-energy malnutrition (E40-E46).
Refer to SDG global metadata for more information.

Computational Method

Comparative risk assessment methods that estimate the portion of diarrhoea and acute respiratory infections attributable to unsafe WASH. Attributable disease deaths are calculated by first combining information on the increased (or relative) risk of a disease resulting from exposure, with information on how widespread the exposure is in the population (in this case, the percentage of the population with exposure to unsafe WASH). This allows calculation of the 'population attributable fraction' (PAF), which is the fraction of disease seen in a given population that can be attributed to the exposure, in this case unsafe WASH. Applying this fraction to the total deaths from diarrhoea or acute respiratory infections results in the number of diarrhoea or acute respiratory infections deaths that results from inadequate WASH. Deaths from protein-energy malnutrition attributable to inadequate WASH are estimated by evaluating the impacts of repeated infectious diarrhoea episodes on nutritional status (in particular stunting). All deaths from intestinal nematode infections are attributed to inadequate WASH due to their transmission pathway.
Refer to SDG global metadata for more information.

Disaggregation

-

Data Source

World Health Organisation (WHO)

Data Collection

Data are compiled from country and other databases directly. WHO conducts a formal country consultation process before releasing its cause-of-death estimates.
Refer to SDG global metadata for more information.

Time Period

2019 only

Frequency

One-time

SDG Global Metadata

https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/files/Metadata-03-09-02.pdf

Indicator 3.9.2

Series